![]() ![]() However, the clinical presentation of stress injuries is not always clear cut and stress fractures may occur despite preventative measures by the medical and coaching teams. cushioned footwear foot orthotics and vitamin D and Calcium supplementation) may help to prevent bone stress injuries evolving into stress fractures, reducing time lost from participation 6,7. If diagnosed early, progressive load management with additional conservative measures (e.g. ![]() This is particularly true in the management of bone stress injuries, which can potentially be diagnosed in the prodromal stage. The importance of a multidisciplinary medical support team in elite sports is well established. The location of stress fractures varies between sports, however stress fractures of the foot and ankle are most frequently observed in the tibia, followed by stress fractures of the metatarsals, fibula and navicular bone 1,2. In female athletes, and to a lesser extent in male athletes, this unique risk factor contributes to the occurrence of insufficiency-type stress fractures, that may occur, even in response to normal strain 3. Female athletes are at increased risk of stress fractures in comparison to their male counterparts as part of the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndrome a relative energy deficiency impairing physiological functions, including metabolic rate, menstrual function and bone health 4,5. When left untreated this process can progress to form a fatigue-type stress fracture 3. In these athletes the repetitive load and impact absorbed by the foot and ankle can cause distinct micro-fractures and abnormal bone remodelling. In athletics stress fractures are typically observed in the female long-distance runners. The incidence and location of stress fractures varies between sports and among gender 1. ![]() With the seventeenth edition of the IAAF World Championships to be held in Qatar this September, the medical staff at Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital are preparing to deliver care to the participating athletes who are at increased risk for this type of injury. Elite Track and Field athletes have been shown to be particularly susceptible to this kind of injury, presenting with the highest frequency of bone-stress injuries in both the 2012 London Olympics and 2016 Rio Olympics 2. Stress fractures are a common injury in sports (1.54 - 5.70 per 100 000 Athlete Exposures) 1. Baltes, Ken Van Alsenoy and Pieter D'Hooghe, Qatar CLINICAL APPROACH TO COMMON FOOT & ANKLE STRESS FRACTURES IN ATHLETICS ![]()
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